24. Ansible로 Ubuntu Server 설정 자동화: 실용 가이드

sudo apt update  
sudo apt install ansible -y  

ansible --version  

ansible 2.10.8
  config file = None
  configured module search path = ['/home/uadmin/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.10.12 (main, Feb  4 2025, 14:57:36) [GCC 11.4.0]

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048  

ssh-copy-id ubuntu@<target-server-ip>  

ssh ubuntu@<target-server-ip>  

nano inventory  

[ubuntu_servers]  
192.168.50.42  
192.168.50.145

ansible -i inventory ubuntu_servers -m ping  

192.168.50.145 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
192.168.50.42 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}

nano setup.yml  

---  
- name: Configure Ubuntu Server  
  hosts: ubuntu_servers  
  become: true  

  tasks:  
    - name: Update and upgrade apt packages  
      apt:  
        update_cache: yes  
        upgrade: dist  

    - name: Install common packages  
      apt:  
        name:  
          - curl  
          - wget  
          - git  
          - build-essential  
        state: present  

    - name: Enable UFW and allow SSH  
      ufw:  
        rule: allow  
        name: OpenSSH  
        state: enabled  

    - name: Create a new user  
      user:  
        name: devuser  
        password: "{{ 'password123' | password_hash('sha512') }}"  
        state: present  
        groups: sudo  

ansible-playbook -i inventory setup.yml  

uadmin@u2204-001:~$ sudo ansible-playbook -i inventory setup.yml

PLAY [Configure Ubuntu Server] ***************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.50.145]
ok: [192.168.50.42]

TASK [Update and upgrade apt packages] *******************************************************************************
^X^C [ERROR]: User interrupted execution
uadmin@u2204-001:~$ sudo nano setup.yml
uadmin@u2204-001:~$ sudo ansible-playbook -i inventory setup.yml

PLAY [Configure Ubuntu Server] ***************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.50.145]
ok: [192.168.50.42]

TASK [Update and upgrade apt packages] *******************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.50.42]
ok: [192.168.50.145]

TASK [Install common packages] ***************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.50.145]
changed: [192.168.50.42]

TASK [Enable UFW and allow SSH] **************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.50.145]
changed: [192.168.50.42]

TASK [Create a new user] *********************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.50.42]
changed: [192.168.50.145]

PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************************
192.168.50.145             : ok=5    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0
192.168.50.42              : ok=5    changed=3    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

curl --version  
git --version  

sudo ufw status  

cat /etc/passwd | grep devuser